rewards1 free (xbox360 ps3 games ipods cellphone etc)
Posted on Sun, 29 Jun 2008 14:16:53 -0500 in Build a website
link HERE!! http://www.rewards1.com/index.php?referrer_id=181149 YOU HAVE TO SIGN UP FROM THAT LINK FOR THE 20% EXTRA POINTS!!**When you sign up with Rewards1 use your real info because they will send you your prizes **BUT FAKE STUFF FOR SURVEYS!**For FREE surveys click on AVAILABLE OFFERS(LEFT OF THE PAGE)Once there click the THE FREE CATERGORY LINK NOT CC-FREE!!Any questions or comments leave them.For the select few with questions that have Xbox Live Message me on there Im usually always on.Calvin111117Make sure to turn off Anti-Virus if your not racking up points sometimes they interfere. Also if you are a frequent Firefox user and you don't seem to be getting points switch to Internet Explorer to do some surveys and vice versa.** Q AND A ** Q. Ok, so what is Rewards1? A. Rewards1 is a website that encourages you to fill out sponsored surveys for free prizes from the website.Q. What are the prizes? A. Prizes can be anything from Xbox 360 controllers to World of Warcraft prepaid time cards to cell phones and ipods and can be seen here.Q. What if I don't see a prize that I want? A. First, go to amazon.com and browse any of their products. If you find something you like or you would want then go to the main page and enter Rewards1 Support Ticket and the awesome guys at Rewards1 will get back to you in a day or so with the amount of points need for you to claim that prize. Generally $1=1 point.Q. How do I get points? A. There are two ways to get points. First there are "Offers" you can complete that gives you a certain amount of points per offer depending on the offer. There are 4 different types of offers. * Free - These are the easiest and usually the quickest to do. The only downside is they are typically the lowest paying. * CC-Free, requires credit card - usually pay more but you must be careful to read the terms of the offer as they may charge after the trial period if not cancelled in time. * CC-Pay, requires credit card - are the highest paying offers, but require you to make a purchase. * Cellphone - these offers require a cellphone, and may or may not be free.The easiest way to get the maximum amount of points from offers is by creating a few spam accounts at free email websites like: Hotmail, Yahoo and Gmail. This will allow you to enter a valid email that you can check without having your main email spamed. Another Tip: "Do the offers from the front first. Don't worry if the ones in front are all about lipstick and mascara and the offers in the back are Ferrari's and XBox's, you want to get as many points as quickly as possible - don't be fooled by "cool" looking or high paying offers." ...
learn to play dulcimer with dizzi "45654 exercise"
Posted on Sun, 29 Jun 2008 14:16:50 -0500 in Build a website
Hi everyone!My latest DVD called "learn to play the hammered dulcimer with dizzi Volume 2" is now available on my website www.dizzi.co.uk for £9.99. It is also available on youtube for free. this is so everyone get the opportunity to learn the dulcimer!This is the 45654 scale exercise which teaches you three different ways to play a scalePlease support me and help make it possible to spread the sound of dulcimer to as many people as possible by making a donation at my website www.dizzi.co.uklove and light Dizzi X ...
Im sorry but any video i don't like has to go
Posted on Sun, 29 Jun 2008 14:12:28 -0500 in Websites
i no ill get into troble but i can't controll myself. '10.1 When you upload or post a User Submission to YouTube, you grant: 1. to YouTube, a worldwide, non-exclusive, royalty-free, transferable licence (with right to sub-licence) to use, reproduce, distribute, prepare derivative works of, display, and perform that User Submission in connection with the provision of the Services and otherwise in connection with the provision of the Website and YouTube's business, including without limitation for promoting and redistributing part or all of the Website (and derivative works thereof) in any media formats and through any media channels; 2. to each user of the Website, a worldwide, non-exclusive, royalty-free, licence to access your User Submissions through the Website, and to use, reproduce, distribute, prepare derivative works of, display and perform such User Submissions to the extent permitted by the functionality of the Website and under these Terms. ...
Loan Products And Information
Posted on Sun, 29 Jun 2008 13:58:07 -0500 in Unsecured loans
Want to learn more about home loans, auto loans, payday loans and unsecured loans? Get Everything You Wanted To Know About Loans; a comprehensive 50-page e-book. Free 10-page report on Unraveling the Mystery of Student Loans included!http://www.LoansDigital.com ...
Unsecured Loan- FHTA Submission Video - GERMAN
Posted on Sun, 29 Jun 2008 13:58:03 -0500 in Unsecured loans
Submission video with German subtitles."Unsecured Loan" by Juliane Block (11min, color, Malaysia 2007) Produced by J-Blockbuster, Zesqa Media and KLPac Previously screened at Kuala Lumpur International Film Festival New Beijing International Movie Festival Phoenix Film Festival Competes in the Online Film Festival "From Here to Awesome"Filmsynopsis: Brian borrows money from the Triads thinking he'll be treated differently because the Dai Goh is a personal friend. He finds out how differently when he fails to pay on time."THE AUDIENCE IS KEPT AT THE EDGE OF THEIR SEATS" "Unsecured Loan" in New Sunday Times (MY), 21st Oct. 07About the festival: The festival's goal is to create a direct connection between filmmaker and audience. The programming of the festival is put directly in the hands of the audience. By harnessing the power of social tools, audience members will be able to discover, share and assist in programming the festival. More: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PTehTbT7ahoWATCH THE MOVIE FOR FREE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=srbs7eNFfgg And if you like it, rate our submission video, become a friend, a fan, subscribe to our channel and spread the word TO BRING "UNSECURED LOAN" TO THE AUDIENCE WORLDWIDERATE @ http://fromheretoawesome.com/unsecuredloan/Rate, favorite, subscribe & become a friend @ http://www.youtube.com/user/jblockbusterBecome a fan, read outline & reviews, check out stills @ http://www.facebook.com/pages/Unsecured-Loan/14006930777Become a friend & WATCH THE ENTIRE MOVIE @ http://www.ourstage.com/fanclub/jblockbuster http://jblockbuster.blip.tv http://www.myspace.com/jblockbusterCheck our blog @ http://jblockbuster.blogspot.comhttp://www.unsecuredloan-themovie.com http://www.j-blockbuster.com ...
learn to play dulcimer with dizzi "45654 exercise"
Posted on Sun, 29 Jun 2008 13:55:21 -0500 in Website company
Hi everyone!My latest DVD called "learn to play the hammered dulcimer with dizzi Volume 2" is now available on my website www.dizzi.co.uk for £9.99. It is also available on youtube for free. this is so everyone get the opportunity to learn the dulcimer!This is the 45654 scale exercise which teaches you three different ways to play a scalePlease support me and help make it possible to spread the sound of dulcimer to as many people as possible by making a donation at my website www.dizzi.co.uklove and light Dizzi X ...
learn to play dulcimer with Dizzi "Double Arpeggios part 1"
Posted on Sun, 29 Jun 2008 13:55:21 -0500 in Website company
My latest DVD called "learn to play the hammered dulcimer with dizzi Volume 2" is now available on my website www.dizzi.co.uk for £9.99. It is also available on youtube for free. this is so everyone get the opportunity to learn the dulcimer!This is the double arpeggio songPlease support me and help make it possible to spread the sound of dulcimer to as many people as possible by making a donation at my website www.dizzi.co.uklove and light Dizzi X ...
learn to play dulcimer with Dizzi "Double Arpeggios part 1"
Posted on Sun, 29 Jun 2008 13:44:06 -0500 in Home page
My latest DVD called "learn to play the hammered dulcimer with dizzi Volume 2" is now available on my website www.dizzi.co.uk for £9.99. It is also available on youtube for free. this is so everyone get the opportunity to learn the dulcimer!This is the double arpeggio songPlease support me and help make it possible to spread the sound of dulcimer to as many people as possible by making a donation at my website www.dizzi.co.uklove and light Dizzi X ...
McJonas Love Story-Episode 1-Part.1
Posted on Sun, 29 Jun 2008 13:37:21 -0500 in Credit score
McFlY: The U.K's leading band....Tom Fletcher, Danny Jones, Dougie Poynter & Harry Judd. McFlY are going on tour in America with The Jonas Brothers. They are bringing along their girlfriends- Giovanna(Tom), Olivia(Danny), Lousie(Dougie) & Izzie(Harry). They are also bringing Harry's cousins- Chelsea(20), Taylor(18) & Shelly(15)- (Taylor & Michelle are sisters)- Who all LOVE Jb & McFlY!!! And Tom is bringing his little sister Carrie who's bff is Shelly... The Jonas brothers are also going to make it a family affair and are bringing their Mum, Dad & little brother Frankie. The Jonas Bro's are all single & looking ;) And their all fans of McFlY =]... ____________ One week before they left...McFlY have a webcam interview with Sal from E! ____________Sal: So McFlY! You've finally decided to tour America with one of America's leading bands?Tom: Yeah we've wanted to do it for ages!!!We've loads of American fans!Dougie: Yeah and the Jonas Bro's are real talentedDanny: Yeah and we're fansHarry: Yep and we have a lot fans who like the two of us so its all good!Sal: Can you tell us some of the places you'll be going to then?Harry: Indiana! San Francisco!Tom: New York! Orlando!Danny: Phoenix! Texas!Dougie: Em guy's I though we were just touring America?Tom: Here we go!Harry: Dude ssh! This is a web cam interview for E!Dougie: Oh wait!...New Jersey! Yeah we're going there!!!Sal: Oh and how convenient, the Jonas Brothers are from NJ!Harry: Seriously? Weird....Danny: Hahahaha (You know his MAD laugh;) )_________ In California..The Jonas Brothers are watching McFlY on the iMac at home... _________Kevin: Wow Danny's laugh is hilarious!Joe(Looks at him): Dude, it's unique like yours!Nick: I can't believe were actually going on tour with McFlY!!!Joe: It's gonna be awesome! And Mum just told me their bringing their girlfriend's with them..Kevin: LuckyMrs.Jonas: And their cousinsJonas Brother(Scream like girls): How long have you been there!Mrs.Jonas: Just a few seconds, now boy's put all these clothes away ok?Jonas Brothers: YepJoe: Wait! Who did you say who else was coming, Mom?Mrs.Jonas: Their cousins and one of their sistersJoe: Are they all like way older than us?Nick: Plllllllease let them be teens!Mrs.Jonas: Their all girlsJonas Brothers: YES!Mrs.Jonas: 2 fifteen year oldsNick: Wow two!Joe: Shhh!Mrs.Jonas: One is either 20 or 21 and that's ChelseaKevin(Sits back down): Chelsea..Joe: And?Mrs.Jonas: EighteenJoe: Score!Mrs.Jonas: Her name is Taylor, remember boy's their ladies so treat them right ,bye boys(Closes the door)Jonas Brothers: We knowNick: I cant concentrate now on the interview!Kevin: Hahahaha Danny just farted!Nick: Oh yeah!Joe: Taylor..._______ McGirlfriend & McCousins:P Are shopping... _______Izzie: Taylor, this nice?Taylor: Like whoa! Yeah Iz! Wow! Love it!Izzie: Thanks! You find anything?Taylor: Em yeah, these three pairs of jeans, these two skirts and siz topsIzzie: Sweet!, Hey Gi, get anythingGiovanni: Yeah, same dress as you!Izzie: Ah well we wont wear them at the same time!Giovanna(Laughs): Yeah alright we'll make a rota, Taylor you pay for them yeah?Taylor: Yeah Harry gave me his credit cardIzzie: Oh he never gives it to me...Giovanna(Laughs): Well Chels & Shelly are waiting for you outside to go over to get shoesTaylor Oh ok! Bye, ring you's laterGiovanna: Bye hunIzzie: See yaTaylor(Goes outside and see's Chelsea & Shelly across the road in Footlocker and runs over): HeyShelly: Hey! Can you pay for these?Taylor: Converse?Shelly: Yeah just two pairs and babychams, oh and these filp flopsTaylor: Enough shoe's?Shelly: Oh well just these and four other pairs of old converse at home, thats all I'm bringingTaylor: Right...You Chelsea?Chelsea: Oh no I'm fine, UGG land is America!Taylor: Same ha!....They were getting spoilt by Harry..but next week they'll be in for a big shopping spree for three guy's... ...
McJonas Love Story-Episode 1-Part.1
Posted on Sun, 29 Jun 2008 11:32:31 -0500 in Credit scores
McFlY: The U.K's leading band....Tom Fletcher, Danny Jones, Dougie Poynter & Harry Judd. McFlY are going on tour in America with The Jonas Brothers. They are bringing along their girlfriends- Giovanna(Tom), Olivia(Danny), Lousie(Dougie) & Izzie(Harry). They are also bringing Harry's cousins- Chelsea(20), Taylor(18) & Shelly(15)- (Taylor & Michelle are sisters)- Who all LOVE Jb & McFlY!!! And Tom is bringing his little sister Carrie who's bff is Shelly... The Jonas brothers are also going to make it a family affair and are bringing their Mum, Dad & little brother Frankie. The Jonas Bro's are all single & looking ;) And their all fans of McFlY =]... ____________ One week before they left...McFlY have a webcam interview with Sal from E! ____________Sal: So McFlY! You've finally decided to tour America with one of America's leading bands?Tom: Yeah we've wanted to do it for ages!!!We've loads of American fans!Dougie: Yeah and the Jonas Bro's are real talentedDanny: Yeah and we're fansHarry: Yep and we have a lot fans who like the two of us so its all good!Sal: Can you tell us some of the places you'll be going to then?Harry: Indiana! San Francisco!Tom: New York! Orlando!Danny: Phoenix! Texas!Dougie: Em guy's I though we were just touring America?Tom: Here we go!Harry: Dude ssh! This is a web cam interview for E!Dougie: Oh wait!...New Jersey! Yeah we're going there!!!Sal: Oh and how convenient, the Jonas Brothers are from NJ!Harry: Seriously? Weird....Danny: Hahahaha (You know his MAD laugh;) )_________ In California..The Jonas Brothers are watching McFlY on the iMac at home... _________Kevin: Wow Danny's laugh is hilarious!Joe(Looks at him): Dude, it's unique like yours!Nick: I can't believe were actually going on tour with McFlY!!!Joe: It's gonna be awesome! And Mum just told me their bringing their girlfriend's with them..Kevin: LuckyMrs.Jonas: And their cousinsJonas Brother(Scream like girls): How long have you been there!Mrs.Jonas: Just a few seconds, now boy's put all these clothes away ok?Jonas Brothers: YepJoe: Wait! Who did you say who else was coming, Mom?Mrs.Jonas: Their cousins and one of their sistersJoe: Are they all like way older than us?Nick: Plllllllease let them be teens!Mrs.Jonas: Their all girlsJonas Brothers: YES!Mrs.Jonas: 2 fifteen year oldsNick: Wow two!Joe: Shhh!Mrs.Jonas: One is either 20 or 21 and that's ChelseaKevin(Sits back down): Chelsea..Joe: And?Mrs.Jonas: EighteenJoe: Score!Mrs.Jonas: Her name is Taylor, remember boy's their ladies so treat them right ,bye boys(Closes the door)Jonas Brothers: We knowNick: I cant concentrate now on the interview!Kevin: Hahahaha Danny just farted!Nick: Oh yeah!Joe: Taylor..._______ McGirlfriend & McCousins:P Are shopping... _______Izzie: Taylor, this nice?Taylor: Like whoa! Yeah Iz! Wow! Love it!Izzie: Thanks! You find anything?Taylor: Em yeah, these three pairs of jeans, these two skirts and siz topsIzzie: Sweet!, Hey Gi, get anythingGiovanni: Yeah, same dress as you!Izzie: Ah well we wont wear them at the same time!Giovanna(Laughs): Yeah alright we'll make a rota, Taylor you pay for them yeah?Taylor: Yeah Harry gave me his credit cardIzzie: Oh he never gives it to me...Giovanna(Laughs): Well Chels & Shelly are waiting for you outside to go over to get shoesTaylor Oh ok! Bye, ring you's laterGiovanna: Bye hunIzzie: See yaTaylor(Goes outside and see's Chelsea & Shelly across the road in Footlocker and runs over): HeyShelly: Hey! Can you pay for these?Taylor: Converse?Shelly: Yeah just two pairs and babychams, oh and these filp flopsTaylor: Enough shoe's?Shelly: Oh well just these and four other pairs of old converse at home, thats all I'm bringingTaylor: Right...You Chelsea?Chelsea: Oh no I'm fine, UGG land is America!Taylor: Same ha!....They were getting spoilt by Harry..but next week they'll be in for a big shopping spree for three guy's... ...
Elle Magazine Photoshoot - Jonghyun
Posted on Sun, 29 Jun 2008 10:47:00 -0500 in Credit rating
credit ;;; shineee.net enjoy. comments and ratings are appreciated Author: lillailai21...
how to get an 850 perfect credit score good credit debt
Posted on Sun, 29 Jun 2008 10:47:00 -0500 in Credit rating
http://www.OneMinuteU.comhow to get an 850 perfect credit score good credit debt Author: OneMinuteU...
3-6 Microvascular Decompression MVD Dr. Parrish Neurosurgeon
Posted on Wed, 18 Jun 2008 08:50:52 -0500 in Web development directory
Click More http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com AWC 4398 3-6 Microvascular Decompression MVD Click Dr.Parrish Neurosurgeon TN Tic douloureux Facial Pain Electric Shocks. TNA BrianNelson123 Suicide Painful Jannetta Association Teflon Nerve THIS WEBSITE IS DESIGNED TO HAVE EACH TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA patient tell there story from the beginning of the problem to the current status which is understandably changing daily as the body processes more of the pain. My personal story is very long and and be seen at w htttp[://www.IamFightingCancer.com Important words found on this site. Trigeminal Neuralgia Minneapolis TN Pain Personal Story, Balloon Compression Mentor, dysesthesia, bad feeling constant spasm. excruciating pains, Henry, Pneumonia Electrical Shocks, Shirley, Shelly Wilson, Support Group, Education, Association, Stabbing, Jolts, Suicide Disease, Neuropathic, rare Disorder, Treatment, destructive surgery, Procedure, Microvascular Decompression, tic douloureux Marge Prietz Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain TN Websites insert. YouTube. From NelsonIdeas.com Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain TN Websites insert. Websites insert. My Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain TN Websites http:/./www.NelsonIdeas.com Click Dental Education Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Dental/Dentist-Dentists.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia Patient Painful-Stories http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/patient-painful-stories.html Click My Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) Story only http://www.PartyTentCity.com/mytnstory.html Click My Story on TN Brian N http://www.PartyTentCity.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn-tmj-my-story/directory.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia Slide Show Story of Pain http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click Medical Data Base Medical Costs More Expensive Due to Non Use of Technology http://www.briannelsonconsulting.com/medical-data-base/faq-info.html Click MyTrigeminal Neuralgia Story Directory http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com Click Slide Show Draft for New TN Patients. http://www.newmedicaldirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click-Trigeminal Neuralgia Assn Page 1 http://newmedicaldirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Association/TN-Facial-Pain.html Click-Trigeminal Neuralgia Assn Page 2 http://newmedicaldirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Association/TN-Facial-Pain-2.html Click What is Trigeminal Neuragia? Portland,OR Slide Show http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia National Conference http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia Brian's Journal Tic Douloureux (TN) FacialPain-Cancer http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info.html http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info.html Click Page 1. Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info.html Click Page 2 Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.briannelsonconsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info2.html Click Page 3 Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.briannelsonconsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info3.htm Click Page 4 Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info4.html Click MyTrigeminal Neuralgia Stories Directory http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/Index.html Click Brian's TN Story Quck Version http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/BrianNelson/TN1.html Click Shirley's Story Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/ShirleyH/TN3.html Click Sand's Story TN WHAT IS TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA? TN (Trigeminal Neuralgia) is a pain that is described as among the most acute known to mankind. TN produces excruciating, lightning strikes of facial pain, typically near the nose, lips, eyes or ears. It is a disorder of the trigeminal nerve, which is the fifth and largest cranial nerve. TN (Trigeminal Neuralgia / tic douloureux) is a disorder of the fifth cranial (trigeminal) nerve that causes episodes of intense, stabbing, electric shock-like pain in the areas of the face where the branches of the nerve are distributed - lips, eyes, nose, scalp, forehead, upper jaw, and lower jaw. By many, it's called the "suicide disease". A less common form of the disorder called "Atypical Trigeminal Neuralgia" may cause less intense, constant, dull burning or aching pain, sometimes with occasional electric shock-like stabs. Both forms of the disorder most often affect one side of the face, but some patients experience pain at different times on both sides. Onset of symptoms occurs most often after age 50, but cases are known in children and even infants. Something as simple and routine as brushing the teeth, putting on makeup or even a slight breeze can trigger an attack, resulting in sheer agony for the individual. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is not fatal, but it is universally considered to be the most painful affliction known to medical practice. Initial treatment of TN is usually by means of anti-convulsant drugs, such as Tegretol or Neurontin. Some anti-depressant drugs also have significant pain relieving effects. Should medication be ineffective or if it produces undesirable side effects, neurosurgical procedures are available to relieve pressure on the nerve or to reduce nerve sensitivity. Some patients report having reduced or relieved pain by means of alternative medical therapies such as acupuncture, chiropractic adjustment, self-hypnosis or meditation. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/SandiW/TN4.html What is Trigeminal Neuralgia? Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also called tic douloureux, is a chronic pain condition that causes extreme, sporadic, sudden burning or shock-like face pain that lasts anywhere from a few seconds to as long as 2 minutes per episode. The intensity of pain can be physically and mentally incapacitating. TN pain is typically felt on one side of the jaw or cheek. Episodes can last for days, weeks, or months at a time and then disappear for months or years. In the days before an episode begins, some patients may experience a tingling or numbing sensation or a somewhat constant and aching pain. The attacks often worsen over time, with fewer and shorter pain-free periods before they recur. The intense flashes of pain can be triggered by vibration or contact with the cheek (such as when shaving, washing the face, or applying makeup), brushing teeth, eating, drinking, talking, or being exposed to the wind. TN occurs most often in people over age 50, but it can occur at any age, and is more common in women than in men. There is some evidence that the disorder runs in families, perhaps because of an inherited pattern of blood vessel formation. Although sometimes debilitating, the disorder is not life-threatening. The presumed cause of TN is a blood vessel pressing on the trigeminal nerve in the head as it exits the brainstem. TN may be part of the normal aging process but in some cases it is the associated with another disorder, such as multiple sclerosis or other disorders characterized by damage to the myelin sheath that covers certain nerves. Is there any treatment? Because there are a large number of conditions that can cause facial pain, TN can be difficult to diagnose. But finding the cause of the pain is important as the treatments for different types of pain may differ. Treatment options include medicines such as anticonvulsants and tricyclic antidepressants, surgery, and complementary approaches. Typical analgesics and opioids are not usually helpful in treating the sharp, recurring pain caused by TN. If medication fails to relieve pain or produces intolerable side effects such as excess fatigue, surgical treatment may be recommended. Several neurosurgical procedures are available. Some are done on an outpatient basis, while others are more complex and require hospitalization. Some patients choose to manage TN using complementary techniques, usually in combination with drug treatment. These techniques include acupuncture, biofeedback, vitamin therapy, nutritional therapy, and electrical stimulation of the nerves. What is the prognosis? The disorder is characterized by recurrences and remissions, and successive recurrences may incapacitate the patient. Due to the intensity of the pain, even the fear of an impending attack may prevent activity. Trigeminal neuralgia is not fatal. What research is being done? Within the NINDS research programs, trigeminal neuralgia is addressed primarily through studies associated with pain research. NINDS vigorously pursues a research program seeking new treatments for pain and nerve damage with the ultimate goal of reversing debilitating conditions such as trigeminal neuralgia. NINDS has notified research investigators that it is seeking grant applications both in basic and clinical pain research. An Alternate Strategy Instead of waiting for the pain to become intractable or the medications toxic, an individual with trigeminal neuralgia has the option to request early surgery. This has a number of potential advantages: • Avoid years of medication and intermittent pain • Avoid facing surgery when old or infirm • If the person has a vascular loop, early microvascular decompression will increase the possibility of a successful operation with decreased risk of recurrence (evidence suggests better outcomes and lower recurrence rate the shorter the interval between onset of symptoms and nerve decompression) How To Find Out If You Have a Vascular Loop The conventional MRI scans used to rule out the presence of a brain tumor or multiple sclerosis as a cause of a patients face pain are not adequate to visualize the trigeminal nerve or an associated blood vessel. Fortunately, the continued improvement in MRI neuro-imaging now makes it possible to visualize both. The technique, which is called 3-D volume acquisition, is performed with contrast injection and utilizes thin cuts (0.8mm), without gaps similar to what was developed for MRI angiography and venography. The trigeminal nerve is easily visualized in the axial plane when the MRI series is centered at the midpoint of the fourth ventricle. To ensure an adequate evaluation, the nerve should be seen on three adjacent cuts. Early studies indicate that when an offending vessel is present it will be detected 80% of the of the time. With continued imaging improvements this percentage will definitely increase. Click here for UCSD Trigeminal Neuralgia Sequence Parameters for Seimens and GE MR Scanners.Surgical Options: Non-Destructive Procedures The only non-destructive procedure which reliably relieves the symptoms of Trigeminal Neuralgia is Microvascular Decompression (MVD). This involves surgical exploration with the operating microscope and visualization of the junction where the Trigeminal nerve enters the base of the brain, followed by coagulation or moving and padding away any compressing blood vessels. The advantage is pain relief without numbness in the majority of patients, which usually lasts indefinitely. If the pain recurs after a MVD, which it does in 10-15% of patients, it can usually be controlled with low dose Tegretol® or Neurontin®. If the pain continues, it will require a repeat MVD or one of the destructive procedures. Surgical Options: Destructive Procedures There are multiple destructive procedures which are beneficial in the treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia. The most common of which are glycerol injections, gamma knife radiation, electrocoagulation, and balloon compression. These procedures are all based on interrupting the pain by partial damage to Trigeminal nerve fibers. Generally the more numbness they produce, the longer they last. The specific advantages and disadvantages need to be discussed with the surgeon performing the procedure. These procedures are recommended for patients who have failed MVD or are not candidates for major surgery. Comments Treatment is always individualized. All of the options above should be considered in consultation with a neurosurgeon familiar in their use. Recommendations Based on the data currently available, and in an effort to maximize quality of life, we recommend the following: Patients with less than 10 year life expectancy Refer for destructive procedure if pain not controlled medically without significant side effects Patients with more than 10 but less than 20 year life expectancy Consider destructive procedure May abolish need for continued increasing medications Will make medical therapy easier even if fails Patients with more than 20 year life expectancy Perform thin cut MRI with 3-D Volume Acquisition If vessel present recommend MVD 25 ARTICLE SECTIONS From the Mayo Clinic. Trigeminal neuralgia http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/trigeminal-neuralgia/DS00446Introduction Signs and symptoms Causes When to seek medical advice Screening and diagnosis Treatment Coping skills Introduction Imagine having a jab of lightning-like pain shoot through your face when you brush your teeth or put on makeup. Sound excruciating? If you have trigeminal neuralgia, attacks of such pain are frequent and can often seem unbearable. You may initially experience short, mild attacks, but trigeminal neuralgia can progress, causing longer, more frequent bouts of searing pain. These painful attacks can be spontaneous, but they may also be provoked by even mild stimulation of your face, including brushing your teeth, shaving or putting on makeup. The pain of trigeminal neuralgia may occur in a fairly small area of your face, or it may spread rapidly over a wider area. Because of the variety of treatment options available, having trigeminal neuralgia doesn't necessarily mean you're doomed to a life of pain. Doctors usually can effectively manage trigeminal neuralgia, either with medications or surgery. Signs and symptoms An attack of trigeminal neuralgia can last from a few seconds to about a minute. Some people have mild, occasional twinges of pain, while other people have frequent, severe, electric-shock-like pain. The condition tends to come and go. You may experience attacks of pain off and on all day, or even for days or weeks at a time. Then, you may experience no pain for a prolonged period of time. Remission is less common the longer you have trigeminal neuralgia. People who have experienced severe trigeminal neuralgia have described the pain as: Lightning-like or electric-shock-like Shooting Jabbing Like having live wires in your face Trigeminal neuralgia usually affects just one side of your face. The pain may affect just a portion of one side of your face or spread in a wider pattern. Rarely, trigeminal neuralgia can affect both sides of your face, but not at the same time. CausesBranches of the trigeminal nerve CLICK TO ENLARGE The condition is called trigeminal neuralgia because the painful facial areas are those served by one or more of the three branches of your trigeminal nerve. This large nerve originates deep inside your brain and carries sensation from your face to your brain. The pain of trigeminal neuralgia is due to a disturbance in the function of the trigeminal nerve. Trigeminal neuralgia is also known as tic douloureux. The cause of the pain usually is due to contact between a normal artery or vein and the trigeminal nerve at the base of your brain. This places pressure on the nerve as it enters your brain and causes the nerve to misfire. Physical nerve damage or stress may be the initial trigger for trigeminal neuralgia. After the trigeminal nerve leaves your brain and travels through your skull, it divides into three smaller branches, controlling sensation throughout your face: The first branch controls sensation in your eye, upper eyelid and forehead. The second branch controls sensation in your lower eyelid, cheek, nostril, upper lip and upper gum. The third branch controls sensations in your jaw, lower lip, lower gum and some of the muscles you use for chewing. You may feel pain in the area served by just one branch of the trigeminal nerve, or the pain may affect all branches on one side of your face. Besides compression from blood vessel contact, other less frequent sources of pain to the trigeminal nerve may include: Compression by a tumor Multiple sclerosis A stroke affecting the lower part of your brain, where the trigeminal nerve enters your central nervous system A variety of triggers, many subtle, may set off the pain. These triggers may include: Shaving Stroking your face Eating Drinking Brushing your teeth Talking Putting on makeup Encountering a breeze Smiling Trigeminal neuralgia affects women more often than men. The disorder is more likely to occur in people who are older than 50. About 5 percent of people with trigeminal neuralgia have other family members with the disorder, which suggests a possible genetic cause in some cases. When to seek medical advice Some people mistake the pain of trigeminal neuralgia for a toothache or a headache. It's not uncommon for people to believe that their facial pain is dental-related, particularly when the pain seems to stem from the gumline or is located near a tooth. If you experience facial pain, particularly prolonged pain or pain that hasn't gone away with use of over-the-counter pain relievers, see your dentist or doctor. Screening and diagnosis If you go to your dentist, an examination of your mouth can reveal whether a problem with your teeth or gums is causing your pain. If you go to your doctor, he or she will want to ask about your medical history and have you describe your pain — how severe it is, what part of your face it affects, how long pain lasts and what seems to trigger episodes of pain. You'll also undergo a neurologic examination. During this examination, your doctor examines and touches parts of your face to try to determine exactly where the pain is occurring and — if it appears that you have trigeminal neuralgia — which branches of the trigeminal nerve may be affected. Your doctor may exclude other possible conditions based on your medical history, the examination, and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of your head. Treatment Medications are the usual initial treatment for trigeminal neuralgia. Medications are often effective in lessening or blocking the pain signals sent to your brain. A number of drugs are available. If you stop responding to a particular medication or experience too many side effects, switching to another medication may work for you. Medications Carbamazepine (Tegretol, Carbatrol). Carbamazepine, an anticonvulsant drug, is the most common medication that doctors use to treat trigeminal neuralgia. In the early stages of the disease, carbamazepine controls pain for most people. However, the effectiveness of carbamazepine decreases over time. Side effects include dizziness, confusion, sleepiness and nausea. Baclofen. Baclofen is a muscle relaxant. Its effectiveness may increase when it's used in combination with carbamazepine or phenytoin. Side effects include confusion, nausea and drowsiness. Phenytoin (Dilantin, Phenytek). Phenytoin, another anticonvulsant medication, was the first medication used to treat trigeminal neuralgia. Side effects include gum enlargement, dizziness and drowsiness. Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal). Oxcarbazepine is another anticonvulsant medication and is similar to carbamazepine. Side effects include dizziness and double vision. Doctors may sometimes prescribe other medications, such as lamotrignine (Lamictal) or gabapentin (Neurontin). Some people with trigeminal neuralgia eventually stop responding to medications, or they experience unpleasant side effects. For those people, surgery, or a combination of surgery and medications, may be an option. Surgery The goal of a number of surgical procedures is to either damage or destroy the part of the trigeminal nerve that's the source of your pain. Because the success of these procedures depends on damaging the nerve, facial numbness of varying degree is a common side effect. These procedures involve: Alcohol injection. Alcohol injections under the skin of your face, where the branches of the trigeminal nerve leave the bones of your face, may offer temporary pain relief by numbing the areas for weeks or months. Because the pain relief isn't permanent, you may need repeated injections or a different procedure. Glycerol injection. This procedure is called percutaneous glycerol rhizotomy (PGR). "Percutaneous" means through the skin. Your doctor inserts a needle through your face and into an opening in the base of your skull. The needle is guided into the trigeminal cistern, a small sac of spinal fluid that surrounds the trigeminal nerve ganglion (the area where the trigeminal nerve divides into three branches) and part of its root. Images are made to confirm that the needle is in the proper location. After confirming the location, your doctor injects a small amount of sterile glycerol. After three or four hours, the glycerol damages the trigeminal nerve and blocks pain signals. Initially, PGR relieves pain in most people. However, some people have a recurrence of pain, and many experience facial numbness or tingling. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com Balloon compression. In a procedure called percutaneous balloon compression of the trigeminal nerve (PBCTN), your doctor inserts a hollow needle through your face and into an opening in the base of your skull. Then, a thin, flexible tube (catheter) with a balloon on the end is threaded through the needle. The balloon is inflated with enough pressure to damage the nerve and block pain signals. PBCTN successfully controls pain in most people, at least for a while. Most people undergoing PBCTN experience facial numbness of varying degrees, and more than half experience nerve damage resulting in a temporary or permanent weakness of the muscles used to chew. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com Electric current. A procedure called percutaneous stereotactic radiofrequency thermal rhizotomy (PSRTR) selectively destroys nerve fibers associated with pain. Your doctor threads a needle through your face and into an opening in your skull. Once in place, an electrode is threaded through the needle until it rests against the nerve root. An electric current is passed through the tip of the electrode until it's heated to the desired temperature. The heated tip damages the nerve fibers and creates an area of injury (lesion). If your pain isn't eliminated, your doctor may create additional lesions. PSRTR successfully controls pain in most people. Facial numbness is a common side effect of this type of treatment. The pain may return after a few years. Microvascular decompression (MVD). A procedure called microvascular decompression (MVD) doesn't damage or destroy part of the trigeminal nerve. Instead, MVD involves relocating or removing blood vessels that are in contact with the trigeminal root and separating the nerve root and blood vessels with a small pad. During MVD, your doctor makes an incision behind one ear. Then, through a small hole in your skull, part of your brain is lifted to expose the trigeminal nerve. If your doctor finds an artery in contact with the nerve root, he or she directs it away from the nerve and places a pad between the nerve and the artery. Doctors usually remove a vein that is found to be compressing the trigeminal nerve. MVD can successfully eliminate or reduce pain most of the time, but as with all other surgical procedures for trigeminal neuralgia, pain can recur in some people. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com While MVD has a high success rate, it also carries risks. There are small chances of decreased hearing, facial weakness, facial numbness, double vision, and even a stroke or death. The risk of facial numbness is less with MVD than with procedures that involve damaging the trigeminal nerve. Severing the nerve. A procedure called partial sensory rhizotomy (PSR) involves cutting part of the trigeminal nerve at the base of your brain. Through an incision behind your ear, your doctor makes a quarter-sized hole in your skull to access the nerve. This procedure usually is helpful, but almost always causes facial numbness. And it's possible for pain to recur. If your doctor doesn't find an artery or vein in contact with the trigeminal nerve, he or she won't be able to perform an MVD, and a PSR may be done instead. Radiation. Gamma-knife radiosurgery (GKR) involves delivering a focused, high dose of radiation to the root of the trigeminal nerve. The radiation damages the trigeminal nerve and reduces or eliminates the pain. Relief isn't immediate and can take several weeks to begin. GKR is successful in eliminating pain more than half of the time. Sometimes the pain may recur. The procedure is painless and typically is done without anesthesia. Because this procedure is relatively new, the long-term risks of this type of radiation are not yet known. • Coping skills Living with trigeminal neuralgia can be difficult. The disorder may affect your interaction with friends and family, your productivity at work, and the overall quality of your life. You may find that talking to a counselor or therapist can help you cope with the effects of trigeminal neuralgia, or you may find encouragement and understanding in a support group. Although support groups aren't for everyone, they can be good sources of information. Group members often know about the latest treatments and tend to share their own experiences. If you're interested, your doctor may be able to recommend a group in your area. 27 Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also known as tic douloureux, is a pain syndrome recognizable by patient history alone. The condition is characterized by pain often accompanied by a brief facial spasm or tic. Pain distribution is unilateral and follows the sensory distribution of cranial nerve V, typically radiating to the maxillary (V2) or mandibular (V3) area. At times, both distributions are affected. Physical examination eliminates alternative diagnoses. Signs of cranial nerve dysfunction or other neurologic abnormality exclude the diagnosis of idiopathic TN and suggest that pain may be secondary to a structural lesion. Pathophysiology: The mechanism of pain production remains controversial. One theory suggests that peripheral injury or disease of the trigeminal nerve increases afferent firing in the nerve; failure of central inhibitory mechanisms may be involved as well. Pain is perceived when nociceptive neurons in a trigeminal nucleus involve thalamic relay neurons. Aneurysms, tumors, chronic meningeal inflammation, or other lesions may irritate trigeminal nerve roots along the pons. An abnormal vascular course of the superior cerebellar artery is often cited as the cause. In most cases, no lesion is identified, and the etiology is labeled idiopathic by default. Uncommonly, an area of demyelination from multiple sclerosis may be the precipitant. Lesions of the entry zone of the trigeminal roots within the pons may cause a similar pain syndrome. Thus, although TN typically is caused by a dysfunction in the peripheral nervous system (the roots or trigeminal nerve itself), a lesion within the central nervous system may rarely cause similar problems. Infrequently, adjacent dental fillings composed of dissimilar metals may trigger attacks. Frequency: Internationally: TN is uncommon, with an estimated prevalence of 155 cases per million persons. Mortality/Morbidity: No mortality is associated with idiopathic TN, although secondary depression is common if a chronic pain syndrome evolves. In rare cases, pain may be so frequent that oral nutrition is impaired. In symptomatic or secondary TN, morbidity or mortality relates to the underlying cause of the pain syndrome. Sex: Male-to-female ratio is 2:3. Age: Development of trigeminal neuralgia in a young person suggests the possibility of multiple sclerosis. Idiopathic TN typically occurs in patients in the sixth decade of life, but it may occur at any age. Symptomatic or secondary TN tends to occur in younger patients. 27 Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also known as tic douloureux, is a pain syndrome recognizable by patient history alone. The condition is characterized by pain often accompanied by a brief facial spasm or tic. Pain distribution is unilateral and follows the sensory distribution of cranial nerve V, typically radiating to the maxillary (V2) or mandibular (V3) area. At times, both distributions are affected. Physical examination eliminates alternative diagnoses. Signs of cranial nerve dysfunction or other neurologic abnormality exclude the diagnosis of idiopathic TN and suggest that pain may be secondary to a structural lesion. Pathophysiology: The mechanism of pain production remains controversial. One theory suggests that peripheral injury or disease of the trigeminal nerve increases afferent firing in the nerve; failure of central inhibitory mechanisms may be involved as well. Pain is perceived when nociceptive neurons in a trigeminal nucleus involve thalamic relay neurons. Aneurysms, tumors, chronic meningeal inflammation, or other lesions may irritate trigeminal nerve roots along the pons. An abnormal vascular course of the superior cerebellar artery is often cited as the cause. In most cases, no lesion is identified, and the etiology is labeled idiopathic by default. Uncommonly, an area of demyelination from multiple sclerosis may be the precipitant. Lesions of the entry zone of the trigeminal roots within the pons may cause a similar pain syndrome. Thus, although TN typically is caused by a dysfunction in the peripheral nervous system (the roots or trigeminal nerve itself), a lesion within the central nervous system may rarely cause similar problems. Infrequently, adjacent dental fillings composed of dissimilar metals may trigger attacks. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com ...
Tags: trigeminal pain neuralgia nerve tn
private student loan.(private-student--loan.blogspot.com)
Posted on Sun, 15 Jun 2008 09:22:16 -0500 in Best student loans
http://private-student--loan.blogspot.com private student loan often called as home owner loans require collateral. private student loan are available to those people who may not have the essential good credit record necessary for an unsecured loan. ...
Loan Products And Information
Posted on Sun, 15 Jun 2008 00:56:34 -0500 in Student loan information
Want to learn more about home loans, auto loans, payday loans and unsecured loans? Get Everything You Wanted To Know About Loans; a comprehensive 50-page e-book. Free 10-page report on Unraveling the Mystery of Student Loans included!http://www.LoansDigital.com ...
Tags: loan auto student home commercial
2-6 Microvascular Decompression MVD Dr. Parrish Neurosurgeon
Posted on Wed, 11 Jun 2008 22:10:08 -0500 in Web development directory
Click More http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com AWC 4398 2-6 Microvascular Decompression MVD Click Dr.Parrish Neurosurgeon TN Tic douloureux Facial Pain Electric Shocks. TNA BrianNelson123 Suicide Painful Jannetta Association Teflon Nerve THIS WEBSITE IS DESIGNED TO HAVE EACH TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA patient tell there story from the beginning of the problem to the current status which is understandably changing daily as the body processes more of the pain. My personal story is very long and and be seen at w htttp[://www.IamFightingCancer.com Important words found on this site. Trigeminal Neuralgia Minneapolis TN Pain Personal Story, Balloon Compression Mentor, dysesthesia, bad feeling constant spasm. excruciating pains, Henry, Pneumonia Electrical Shocks, Shirley, Shelly Wilson, Support Group, Education, Association, Stabbing, Jolts, Suicide Disease, Neuropathic, rare Disorder, Treatment, destructive surgery, Procedure, Microvascular Decompression, tic douloureux Marge Prietz Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain TN Websites insert. YouTube. From NelsonIdeas.com Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain TN Websites insert. Websites insert. My Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain TN Websites http:/./www.NelsonIdeas.com Click Dental Education Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Dental/Dentist-Dentists.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia Patient Painful-Stories http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/patient-painful-stories.html Click My Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) Story only http://www.PartyTentCity.com/mytnstory.html Click My Story on TN Brian N http://www.PartyTentCity.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn-tmj-my-story/directory.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia Slide Show Story of Pain http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click Medical Data Base Medical Costs More Expensive Due to Non Use of Technology http://www.briannelsonconsulting.com/medical-data-base/faq-info.html Click MyTrigeminal Neuralgia Story Directory http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com Click Slide Show Draft for New TN Patients. http://www.newmedicaldirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click-Trigeminal Neuralgia Assn Page 1 http://newmedicaldirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Association/TN-Facial-Pain.html Click-Trigeminal Neuralgia Assn Page 2 http://newmedicaldirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Association/TN-Facial-Pain-2.html Click What is Trigeminal Neuragia? Portland,OR Slide Show http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia National Conference http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia Brian's Journal Tic Douloureux (TN) FacialPain-Cancer http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info.html http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info.html Click Page 1. Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info.html Click Page 2 Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.briannelsonconsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info2.html Click Page 3 Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.briannelsonconsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info3.htm Click Page 4 Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info4.html Click MyTrigeminal Neuralgia Stories Directory http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/Index.html Click Brian's TN Story Quck Version http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/BrianNelson/TN1.html Click Shirley's Story Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/ShirleyH/TN3.html Click Sand's Story TN WHAT IS TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA? TN (Trigeminal Neuralgia) is a pain that is described as among the most acute known to mankind. TN produces excruciating, lightning strikes of facial pain, typically near the nose, lips, eyes or ears. It is a disorder of the trigeminal nerve, which is the fifth and largest cranial nerve. TN (Trigeminal Neuralgia / tic douloureux) is a disorder of the fifth cranial (trigeminal) nerve that causes episodes of intense, stabbing, electric shock-like pain in the areas of the face where the branches of the nerve are distributed - lips, eyes, nose, scalp, forehead, upper jaw, and lower jaw. By many, it's called the "suicide disease". A less common form of the disorder called "Atypical Trigeminal Neuralgia" may cause less intense, constant, dull burning or aching pain, sometimes with occasional electric shock-like stabs. Both forms of the disorder most often affect one side of the face, but some patients experience pain at different times on both sides. Onset of symptoms occurs most often after age 50, but cases are known in children and even infants. Something as simple and routine as brushing the teeth, putting on makeup or even a slight breeze can trigger an attack, resulting in sheer agony for the individual. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is not fatal, but it is universally considered to be the most painful affliction known to medical practice. Initial treatment of TN is usually by means of anti-convulsant drugs, such as Tegretol or Neurontin. Some anti-depressant drugs also have significant pain relieving effects. Should medication be ineffective or if it produces undesirable side effects, neurosurgical procedures are available to relieve pressure on the nerve or to reduce nerve sensitivity. Some patients report having reduced or relieved pain by means of alternative medical therapies such as acupuncture, chiropractic adjustment, self-hypnosis or meditation. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/SandiW/TN4.html What is Trigeminal Neuralgia? Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also called tic douloureux, is a chronic pain condition that causes extreme, sporadic, sudden burning or shock-like face pain that lasts anywhere from a few seconds to as long as 2 minutes per episode. The intensity of pain can be physically and mentally incapacitating. TN pain is typically felt on one side of the jaw or cheek. Episodes can last for days, weeks, or months at a time and then disappear for months or years. In the days before an episode begins, some patients may experience a tingling or numbing sensation or a somewhat constant and aching pain. The attacks often worsen over time, with fewer and shorter pain-free periods before they recur. The intense flashes of pain can be triggered by vibration or contact with the cheek (such as when shaving, washing the face, or applying makeup), brushing teeth, eating, drinking, talking, or being exposed to the wind. TN occurs most often in people over age 50, but it can occur at any age, and is more common in women than in men. There is some evidence that the disorder runs in families, perhaps because of an inherited pattern of blood vessel formation. Although sometimes debilitating, the disorder is not life-threatening. The presumed cause of TN is a blood vessel pressing on the trigeminal nerve in the head as it exits the brainstem. TN may be part of the normal aging process but in some cases it is the associated with another disorder, such as multiple sclerosis or other disorders characterized by damage to the myelin sheath that covers certain nerves. Is there any treatment? Because there are a large number of conditions that can cause facial pain, TN can be difficult to diagnose. But finding the cause of the pain is important as the treatments for different types of pain may differ. Treatment options include medicines such as anticonvulsants and tricyclic antidepressants, surgery, and complementary approaches. Typical analgesics and opioids are not usually helpful in treating the sharp, recurring pain caused by TN. If medication fails to relieve pain or produces intolerable side effects such as excess fatigue, surgical treatment may be recommended. Several neurosurgical procedures are available. Some are done on an outpatient basis, while others are more complex and require hospitalization. Some patients choose to manage TN using complementary techniques, usually in combination with drug treatment. These techniques include acupuncture, biofeedback, vitamin therapy, nutritional therapy, and electrical stimulation of the nerves. What is the prognosis? The disorder is characterized by recurrences and remissions, and successive recurrences may incapacitate the patient. Due to the intensity of the pain, even the fear of an impending attack may prevent activity. Trigeminal neuralgia is not fatal. What research is being done? Within the NINDS research programs, trigeminal neuralgia is addressed primarily through studies associated with pain research. NINDS vigorously pursues a research program seeking new treatments for pain and nerve damage with the ultimate goal of reversing debilitating conditions such as trigeminal neuralgia. NINDS has notified research investigators that it is seeking grant applications both in basic and clinical pain research. An Alternate Strategy Instead of waiting for the pain to become intractable or the medications toxic, an individual with trigeminal neuralgia has the option to request early surgery. This has a number of potential advantages: • Avoid years of medication and intermittent pain • Avoid facing surgery when old or infirm • If the person has a vascular loop, early microvascular decompression will increase the possibility of a successful operation with decreased risk of recurrence (evidence suggests better outcomes and lower recurrence rate the shorter the interval between onset of symptoms and nerve decompression) How To Find Out If You Have a Vascular Loop The conventional MRI scans used to rule out the presence of a brain tumor or multiple sclerosis as a cause of a patients face pain are not adequate to visualize the trigeminal nerve or an associated blood vessel. Fortunately, the continued improvement in MRI neuro-imaging now makes it possible to visualize both. The technique, which is called 3-D volume acquisition, is performed with contrast injection and utilizes thin cuts (0.8mm), without gaps similar to what was developed for MRI angiography and venography. The trigeminal nerve is easily visualized in the axial plane when the MRI series is centered at the midpoint of the fourth ventricle. To ensure an adequate evaluation, the nerve should be seen on three adjacent cuts. Early studies indicate that when an offending vessel is present it will be detected 80% of the of the time. With continued imaging improvements this percentage will definitely increase. Click here for UCSD Trigeminal Neuralgia Sequence Parameters for Seimens and GE MR Scanners.Surgical Options: Non-Destructive Procedures The only non-destructive procedure which reliably relieves the symptoms of Trigeminal Neuralgia is Microvascular Decompression (MVD). This involves surgical exploration with the operating microscope and visualization of the junction where the Trigeminal nerve enters the base of the brain, followed by coagulation or moving and padding away any compressing blood vessels. The advantage is pain relief without numbness in the majority of patients, which usually lasts indefinitely. If the pain recurs after a MVD, which it does in 10-15% of patients, it can usually be controlled with low dose Tegretol® or Neurontin®. If the pain continues, it will require a repeat MVD or one of the destructive procedures. Surgical Options: Destructive Procedures There are multiple destructive procedures which are beneficial in the treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia. The most common of which are glycerol injections, gamma knife radiation, electrocoagulation, and balloon compression. These procedures are all based on interrupting the pain by partial damage to Trigeminal nerve fibers. Generally the more numbness they produce, the longer they last. The specific advantages and disadvantages need to be discussed with the surgeon performing the procedure. These procedures are recommended for patients who have failed MVD or are not candidates for major surgery. Comments Treatment is always individualized. All of the options above should be considered in consultation with a neurosurgeon familiar in their use. Recommendations Based on the data currently available, and in an effort to maximize quality of life, we recommend the following: Patients with less than 10 year life expectancy Refer for destructive procedure if pain not controlled medically without significant side effects Patients with more than 10 but less than 20 year life expectancy Consider destructive procedure May abolish need for continued increasing medications Will make medical therapy easier even if fails Patients with more than 20 year life expectancy Perform thin cut MRI with 3-D Volume Acquisition If vessel present recommend MVD 25 ARTICLE SECTIONS From the Mayo Clinic. Trigeminal neuralgia http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/trigeminal-neuralgia/DS00446Introduction Signs and symptoms Causes When to seek medical advice Screening and diagnosis Treatment Coping skills Introduction Imagine having a jab of lightning-like pain shoot through your face when you brush your teeth or put on makeup. Sound excruciating? If you have trigeminal neuralgia, attacks of such pain are frequent and can often seem unbearable. You may initially experience short, mild attacks, but trigeminal neuralgia can progress, causing longer, more frequent bouts of searing pain. These painful attacks can be spontaneous, but they may also be provoked by even mild stimulation of your face, including brushing your teeth, shaving or putting on makeup. The pain of trigeminal neuralgia may occur in a fairly small area of your face, or it may spread rapidly over a wider area. Because of the variety of treatment options available, having trigeminal neuralgia doesn't necessarily mean you're doomed to a life of pain. Doctors usually can effectively manage trigeminal neuralgia, either with medications or surgery. Signs and symptoms An attack of trigeminal neuralgia can last from a few seconds to about a minute. Some people have mild, occasional twinges of pain, while other people have frequent, severe, electric-shock-like pain. The condition tends to come and go. You may experience attacks of pain off and on all day, or even for days or weeks at a time. Then, you may experience no pain for a prolonged period of time. Remission is less common the longer you have trigeminal neuralgia. People who have experienced severe trigeminal neuralgia have described the pain as: Lightning-like or electric-shock-like Shooting Jabbing Like having live wires in your face Trigeminal neuralgia usually affects just one side of your face. The pain may affect just a portion of one side of your face or spread in a wider pattern. Rarely, trigeminal neuralgia can affect both sides of your face, but not at the same time. CausesBranches of the trigeminal nerve CLICK TO ENLARGE The condition is called trigeminal neuralgia because the painful facial areas are those served by one or more of the three branches of your trigeminal nerve. This large nerve originates deep inside your brain and carries sensation from your face to your brain. The pain of trigeminal neuralgia is due to a disturbance in the function of the trigeminal nerve. Trigeminal neuralgia is also known as tic douloureux. The cause of the pain usually is due to contact between a normal artery or vein and the trigeminal nerve at the base of your brain. This places pressure on the nerve as it enters your brain and causes the nerve to misfire. Physical nerve damage or stress may be the initial trigger for trigeminal neuralgia. After the trigeminal nerve leaves your brain and travels through your skull, it divides into three smaller branches, controlling sensation throughout your face: The first branch controls sensation in your eye, upper eyelid and forehead. The second branch controls sensation in your lower eyelid, cheek, nostril, upper lip and upper gum. The third branch controls sensations in your jaw, lower lip, lower gum and some of the muscles you use for chewing. You may feel pain in the area served by just one branch of the trigeminal nerve, or the pain may affect all branches on one side of your face. Besides compression from blood vessel contact, other less frequent sources of pain to the trigeminal nerve may include: Compression by a tumor Multiple sclerosis A stroke affecting the lower part of your brain, where the trigeminal nerve enters your central nervous system A variety of triggers, many subtle, may set off the pain. These triggers may include: Shaving Stroking your face Eating Drinking Brushing your teeth Talking Putting on makeup Encountering a breeze Smiling Trigeminal neuralgia affects women more often than men. The disorder is more likely to occur in people who are older than 50. About 5 percent of people with trigeminal neuralgia have other family members with the disorder, which suggests a possible genetic cause in some cases. When to seek medical advice Some people mistake the pain of trigeminal neuralgia for a toothache or a headache. It's not uncommon for people to believe that their facial pain is dental-related, particularly when the pain seems to stem from the gumline or is located near a tooth. If you experience facial pain, particularly prolonged pain or pain that hasn't gone away with use of over-the-counter pain relievers, see your dentist or doctor. Screening and diagnosis If you go to your dentist, an examination of your mouth can reveal whether a problem with your teeth or gums is causing your pain. If you go to your doctor, he or she will want to ask about your medical history and have you describe your pain — how severe it is, what part of your face it affects, how long pain lasts and what seems to trigger episodes of pain. You'll also undergo a neurologic examination. During this examination, your doctor examines and touches parts of your face to try to determine exactly where the pain is occurring and — if it appears that you have trigeminal neuralgia — which branches of the trigeminal nerve may be affected. Your doctor may exclude other possible conditions based on your medical history, the examination, and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of your head. Treatment Medications are the usual initial treatment for trigeminal neuralgia. Medications are often effective in lessening or blocking the pain signals sent to your brain. A number of drugs are available. If you stop responding to a particular medication or experience too many side effects, switching to another medication may work for you. Medications Carbamazepine (Tegretol, Carbatrol). Carbamazepine, an anticonvulsant drug, is the most common medication that doctors use to treat trigeminal neuralgia. In the early stages of the disease, carbamazepine controls pain for most people. However, the effectiveness of carbamazepine decreases over time. Side effects include dizziness, confusion, sleepiness and nausea. Baclofen. Baclofen is a muscle relaxant. Its effectiveness may increase when it's used in combination with carbamazepine or phenytoin. Side effects include confusion, nausea and drowsiness. Phenytoin (Dilantin, Phenytek). Phenytoin, another anticonvulsant medication, was the first medication used to treat trigeminal neuralgia. Side effects include gum enlargement, dizziness and drowsiness. Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal). Oxcarbazepine is another anticonvulsant medication and is similar to carbamazepine. Side effects include dizziness and double vision. Doctors may sometimes prescribe other medications, such as lamotrignine (Lamictal) or gabapentin (Neurontin). Some people with trigeminal neuralgia eventually stop responding to medications, or they experience unpleasant side effects. For those people, surgery, or a combination of surgery and medications, may be an option. Surgery The goal of a number of surgical procedures is to either damage or destroy the part of the trigeminal nerve that's the source of your pain. Because the success of these procedures depends on damaging the nerve, facial numbness of varying degree is a common side effect. These procedures involve: Alcohol injection. Alcohol injections under the skin of your face, where the branches of the trigeminal nerve leave the bones of your face, may offer temporary pain relief by numbing the areas for weeks or months. Because the pain relief isn't permanent, you may need repeated injections or a different procedure. Glycerol injection. This procedure is called percutaneous glycerol rhizotomy (PGR). "Percutaneous" means through the skin. Your doctor inserts a needle through your face and into an opening in the base of your skull. The needle is guided into the trigeminal cistern, a small sac of spinal fluid that surrounds the trigeminal nerve ganglion (the area where the trigeminal nerve divides into three branches) and part of its root. Images are made to confirm that the needle is in the proper location. After confirming the location, your doctor injects a small amount of sterile glycerol. After three or four hours, the glycerol damages the trigeminal nerve and blocks pain signals. Initially, PGR relieves pain in most people. However, some people have a recurrence of pain, and many experience facial numbness or tingling. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com Balloon compression. In a procedure called percutaneous balloon compression of the trigeminal nerve (PBCTN), your doctor inserts a hollow needle through your face and into an opening in the base of your skull. Then, a thin, flexible tube (catheter) with a balloon on the end is threaded through the needle. The balloon is inflated with enough pressure to damage the nerve and block pain signals. PBCTN successfully controls pain in most people, at least for a while. Most people undergoing PBCTN experience facial numbness of varying degrees, and more than half experience nerve damage resulting in a temporary or permanent weakness of the muscles used to chew. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com Electric current. A procedure called percutaneous stereotactic radiofrequency thermal rhizotomy (PSRTR) selectively destroys nerve fibers associated with pain. Your doctor threads a needle through your face and into an opening in your skull. Once in place, an electrode is threaded through the needle until it rests against the nerve root. An electric current is passed through the tip of the electrode until it's heated to the desired temperature. The heated tip damages the nerve fibers and creates an area of injury (lesion). If your pain isn't eliminated, your doctor may create additional lesions. PSRTR successfully controls pain in most people. Facial numbness is a common side effect of this type of treatment. The pain may return after a few years. Microvascular decompression (MVD). A procedure called microvascular decompression (MVD) doesn't damage or destroy part of the trigeminal nerve. Instead, MVD involves relocating or removing blood vessels that are in contact with the trigeminal root and separating the nerve root and blood vessels with a small pad. During MVD, your doctor makes an incision behind one ear. Then, through a small hole in your skull, part of your brain is lifted to expose the trigeminal nerve. If your doctor finds an artery in contact with the nerve root, he or she directs it away from the nerve and places a pad between the nerve and the artery. Doctors usually remove a vein that is found to be compressing the trigeminal nerve. MVD can successfully eliminate or reduce pain most of the time, but as with all other surgical procedures for trigeminal neuralgia, pain can recur in some people. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com While MVD has a high success rate, it also carries risks. There are small chances of decreased hearing, facial weakness, facial numbness, double vision, and even a stroke or death. The risk of facial numbness is less with MVD than with procedures that involve damaging the trigeminal nerve. Severing the nerve. A procedure called partial sensory rhizotomy (PSR) involves cutting part of the trigeminal nerve at the base of your brain. Through an incision behind your ear, your doctor makes a quarter-sized hole in your skull to access the nerve. This procedure usually is helpful, but almost always causes facial numbness. And it's possible for pain to recur. If your doctor doesn't find an artery or vein in contact with the trigeminal nerve, he or she won't be able to perform an MVD, and a PSR may be done instead. Radiation. Gamma-knife radiosurgery (GKR) involves delivering a focused, high dose of radiation to the root of the trigeminal nerve. The radiation damages the trigeminal nerve and reduces or eliminates the pain. Relief isn't immediate and can take several weeks to begin. GKR is successful in eliminating pain more than half of the time. Sometimes the pain may recur. The procedure is painless and typically is done without anesthesia. Because this procedure is relatively new, the long-term risks of this type of radiation are not yet known. • Coping skills Living with trigeminal neuralgia can be difficult. The disorder may affect your interaction with friends and family, your productivity at work, and the overall quality of your life. You may find that talking to a counselor or therapist can help you cope with the effects of trigeminal neuralgia, or you may find encouragement and understanding in a support group. Although support groups aren't for everyone, they can be good sources of information. Group members often know about the latest treatments and tend to share their own experiences. If you're interested, your doctor may be able to recommend a group in your area. 27 Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also known as tic douloureux, is a pain syndrome recognizable by patient history alone. The condition is characterized by pain often accompanied by a brief facial spasm or tic. Pain distribution is unilateral and follows the sensory distribution of cranial nerve V, typically radiating to the maxillary (V2) or mandibular (V3) area. At times, both distributions are affected. Physical examination eliminates alternative diagnoses. Signs of cranial nerve dysfunction or other neurologic abnormality exclude the diagnosis of idiopathic TN and suggest that pain may be secondary to a structural lesion. Pathophysiology: The mechanism of pain production remains controversial. One theory suggests that peripheral injury or disease of the trigeminal nerve increases afferent firing in the nerve; failure of central inhibitory mechanisms may be involved as well. Pain is perceived when nociceptive neurons in a trigeminal nucleus involve thalamic relay neurons. Aneurysms, tumors, chronic meningeal inflammation, or other lesions may irritate trigeminal nerve roots along the pons. An abnormal vascular course of the superior cerebellar artery is often cited as the cause. In most cases, no lesion is identified, and the etiology is labeled idiopathic by default. Uncommonly, an area of demyelination from multiple sclerosis may be the precipitant. Lesions of the entry zone of the trigeminal roots within the pons may cause a similar pain syndrome. Thus, although TN typically is caused by a dysfunction in the peripheral nervous system (the roots or trigeminal nerve itself), a lesion within the central nervous system may rarely cause similar problems. Infrequently, adjacent dental fillings composed of dissimilar metals may trigger attacks. Frequency: Internationally: TN is uncommon, with an estimated prevalence of 155 cases per million persons. Mortality/Morbidity: No mortality is associated with idiopathic TN, although secondary depression is common if a chronic pain syndrome evolves. In rare cases, pain may be so frequent that oral nutrition is impaired. In symptomatic or secondary TN, morbidity or mortality relates to the underlying cause of the pain syndrome. Sex: Male-to-female ratio is 2:3. Age: Development of trigeminal neuralgia in a young person suggests the possibility of multiple sclerosis. Idiopathic TN typically occurs in patients in the sixth decade of life, but it may occur at any age. Symptomatic or secondary TN tends to occur in younger patients. 27 Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also known as tic douloureux, is a pain syndrome recognizable by patient history alone. The condition is characterized by pain often accompanied by a brief facial spasm or tic. Pain distribution is unilateral and follows the sensory distribution of cranial nerve V, typically radiating to the maxillary (V2) or mandibular (V3) area. At times, both distributions are affected. Physical examination eliminates alternative diagnoses. Signs of cranial nerve dysfunction or other neurologic abnormality exclude the diagnosis of idiopathic TN and suggest that pain may be secondary to a structural lesion. Pathophysiology: The mechanism of pain production remains controversial. One theory suggests that peripheral injury or disease of the trigeminal nerve increases afferent firing in the nerve; failure of central inhibitory mechanisms may be involved as well. Pain is perceived when nociceptive neurons in a trigeminal nucleus involve thalamic relay neurons. Aneurysms, tumors, chronic meningeal inflammation, or other lesions may irritate trigeminal nerve roots along the pons. An abnormal vascular course of the superior cerebellar artery is often cited as the cause. In most cases, no lesion is identified, and the etiology is labeled idiopathic by default. Uncommonly, an area of demyelination from multiple sclerosis may be the precipitant. Lesions of the entry zone of the trigeminal roots within the pons may cause a similar pain syndrome. Thus, although TN typically is caused by a dysfunction in the peripheral nervous system (the roots or trigeminal nerve itself), a lesion within the central nervous system may rarely cause similar problems. Infrequently, adjacent dental fillings composed of dissimilar metals may trigger attacks. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com ...
Tags: trigeminal pain neuralgia nerve tn
Data Access in the ASP.NET 2.0 Framework
Posted on Wed, 11 Jun 2008 22:10:08 -0500 in Web development directory
www.mylivelessons.comStephen Walther, the world's leading ASP.NET authority introduces his new LiveLesson- DVD-ROM hands-on personal video instruction comprised of full motion video, audio and screencasts.SELF-PACED, PERSONAL VIDEO INSTRUCTIONS FROM THE WORLD'S LEADING ASP.NET Trainer4 + Hours http://www.informit.com/store/product.aspx?isbn=0672329522Data Access in the ASP.NET 2.0 Framework will show you everything you need to know to start building database-driven web applications using the Microsoft ASP.NET 2.0 framework and the Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 development environment. Your instructor Stephen Walther--honored by Microsoft as both an ASP.NET MVP and "Software Legend"--guides you through building two fully functional, database-driven applications. Learn at your own pace with video lessons covering every main ASP.NET data access control: GridView, DetailsView, FormView, Repeater, DataList, and SqlDataSource.One step at a time, you'll learn how to build robust data access components, provide graceful error handling, handle user concurrency issues, and much more.Looking for a better way to master today's rapidly changing programming technologies? Want expert help, but don't have the time or energy to read a book? Can't find classroom training worth the money? Discover LiveLessons: self-paced, personal video instruction from the world's leading experts.LiveLessons are video courses, on DVD with a book supplement, that are organized into bite-sized, self-contained sessions--you'll learn key skills in as little as fifteen minutes! Track your progress as you follow clearly defined learning objectives. Follow along as your instructor shows exactly how to get great results in your real-world environment. Professional author and instructor Stephen Walther provides an introduction to the core concepts of Data Access in the ASP.NET 2.0 Framework. Click play to follow along with Stephen as he explains the ins and outs of creating database-driven dynamic web applications in this LiveLesson.Workbook Introduction viiModule 1: Getting Familiar with the Visual Studio 2005 Development Environment 1Module 2: Creating an Employee Directory Application 7Module 3: Using the ASP.NET 2.0 Data Access Controls 17Module 4: Advanced Topics 39Module 5: Creating a Guestbook Application 43Bonus 1: An Introduction to SQL: The Language of Databases 49Bonus 2: An Introduction to the Microsoft ASP.NET Framework 71 ...
Tags: trigeminal pain neuralgia nerve tn
5-6 Microvascular Decompression MVD Dr. Parrish Neurosurgeon
Posted on Wed, 11 Jun 2008 22:10:08 -0500 in Web development directory
Click More http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com AWC 4398 5-6 Microvascular Decompression MVD Click Dr.Parrish Neurosurgeon TN Tic douloureux Facial Pain Electric Shocks. TNA BrianNelson123 Suicide Painful Jannetta Association Teflon Nerve THIS WEBSITE IS DESIGNED TO HAVE EACH TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA patient tell there story from the beginning of the problem to the current status which is understandably changing daily as the body processes more of the pain. My personal story is very long and and be seen at w htttp[://www.IamFightingCancer.com Important words found on this site. Trigeminal Neuralgia Minneapolis TN Pain Personal Story, Balloon Compression Mentor, dysesthesia, bad feeling constant spasm. excruciating pains, Henry, Pneumonia Electrical Shocks, Shirley, Shelly Wilson, Support Group, Education, Association, Stabbing, Jolts, Suicide Disease, Neuropathic, rare Disorder, Treatment, destructive surgery, Procedure, Microvascular Decompression, tic douloureux Marge Prietz Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain TN Websites insert. YouTube. From NelsonIdeas.com Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain TN Websites insert. Websites insert. My Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain TN Websites http:/./www.NelsonIdeas.com Click Dental Education Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Dental/Dentist-Dentists.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia Patient Painful-Stories http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/patient-painful-stories.html Click My Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) Story only http://www.PartyTentCity.com/mytnstory.html Click My Story on TN Brian N http://www.PartyTentCity.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn-tmj-my-story/directory.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia Slide Show Story of Pain http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click Medical Data Base Medical Costs More Expensive Due to Non Use of Technology http://www.briannelsonconsulting.com/medical-data-base/faq-info.html Click MyTrigeminal Neuralgia Story Directory http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com Click Slide Show Draft for New TN Patients. http://www.newmedicaldirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click-Trigeminal Neuralgia Assn Page 1 http://newmedicaldirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Association/TN-Facial-Pain.html Click-Trigeminal Neuralgia Assn Page 2 http://newmedicaldirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Association/TN-Facial-Pain-2.html Click What is Trigeminal Neuragia? Portland,OR Slide Show http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia National Conference http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia Brian's Journal Tic Douloureux (TN) FacialPain-Cancer http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info.html http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info.html Click Page 1. Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info.html Click Page 2 Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.briannelsonconsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info2.html Click Page 3 Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.briannelsonconsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info3.htm Click Page 4 Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info4.html Click MyTrigeminal Neuralgia Stories Directory http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/Index.html Click Brian's TN Story Quck Version http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/BrianNelson/TN1.html Click Shirley's Story Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/ShirleyH/TN3.html Click Sand's Story TN WHAT IS TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA? TN (Trigeminal Neuralgia) is a pain that is described as among the most acute known to mankind. TN produces excruciating, lightning strikes of facial pain, typically near the nose, lips, eyes or ears. It is a disorder of the trigeminal nerve, which is the fifth and largest cranial nerve. TN (Trigeminal Neuralgia / tic douloureux) is a disorder of the fifth cranial (trigeminal) nerve that causes episodes of intense, stabbing, electric shock-like pain in the areas of the face where the branches of the nerve are distributed - lips, eyes, nose, scalp, forehead, upper jaw, and lower jaw. By many, it's called the "suicide disease". A less common form of the disorder called "Atypical Trigeminal Neuralgia" may cause less intense, constant, dull burning or aching pain, sometimes with occasional electric shock-like stabs. Both forms of the disorder most often affect one side of the face, but some patients experience pain at different times on both sides. Onset of symptoms occurs most often after age 50, but cases are known in children and even infants. Something as simple and routine as brushing the teeth, putting on makeup or even a slight breeze can trigger an attack, resulting in sheer agony for the individual. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is not fatal, but it is universally considered to be the most painful affliction known to medical practice. Initial treatment of TN is usually by means of anti-convulsant drugs, such as Tegretol or Neurontin. Some anti-depressant drugs also have significant pain relieving effects. Should medication be ineffective or if it produces undesirable side effects, neurosurgical procedures are available to relieve pressure on the nerve or to reduce nerve sensitivity. Some patients report having reduced or relieved pain by means of alternative medical therapies such as acupuncture, chiropractic adjustment, self-hypnosis or meditation. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/SandiW/TN4.html What is Trigeminal Neuralgia? Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also called tic douloureux, is a chronic pain condition that causes extreme, sporadic, sudden burning or shock-like face pain that lasts anywhere from a few seconds to as long as 2 minutes per episode. The intensity of pain can be physically and mentally incapacitating. TN pain is typically felt on one side of the jaw or cheek. Episodes can last for days, weeks, or months at a time and then disappear for months or years. In the days before an episode begins, some patients may experience a tingling or numbing sensation or a somewhat constant and aching pain. The attacks often worsen over time, with fewer and shorter pain-free periods before they recur. The intense flashes of pain can be triggered by vibration or contact with the cheek (such as when shaving, washing the face, or applying makeup), brushing teeth, eating, drinking, talking, or being exposed to the wind. TN occurs most often in people over age 50, but it can occur at any age, and is more common in women than in men. There is some evidence that the disorder runs in families, perhaps because of an inherited pattern of blood vessel formation. Although sometimes debilitating, the disorder is not life-threatening. The presumed cause of TN is a blood vessel pressing on the trigeminal nerve in the head as it exits the brainstem. TN may be part of the normal aging process but in some cases it is the associated with another disorder, such as multiple sclerosis or other disorders characterized by damage to the myelin sheath that covers certain nerves. Is there any treatment? Because there are a large number of conditions that can cause facial pain, TN can be difficult to diagnose. But finding the cause of the pain is important as the treatments for different types of pain may differ. Treatment options include medicines such as anticonvulsants and tricyclic antidepressants, surgery, and complementary approaches. Typical analgesics and opioids are not usually helpful in treating the sharp, recurring pain caused by TN. If medication fails to relieve pain or produces intolerable side effects such as excess fatigue, surgical treatment may be recommended. Several neurosurgical procedures are available. Some are done on an outpatient basis, while others are more complex and require hospitalization. Some patients choose to manage TN using complementary techniques, usually in combination with drug treatment. These techniques include acupuncture, biofeedback, vitamin therapy, nutritional therapy, and electrical stimulation of the nerves. What is the prognosis? The disorder is characterized by recurrences and remissions, and successive recurrences may incapacitate the patient. Due to the intensity of the pain, even the fear of an impending attack may prevent activity. Trigeminal neuralgia is not fatal. What research is being done? Within the NINDS research programs, trigeminal neuralgia is addressed primarily through studies associated with pain research. NINDS vigorously pursues a research program seeking new treatments for pain and nerve damage with the ultimate goal of reversing debilitating conditions such as trigeminal neuralgia. NINDS has notified research investigators that it is seeking grant applications both in basic and clinical pain research. An Alternate Strategy Instead of waiting for the pain to become intractable or the medications toxic, an individual with trigeminal neuralgia has the option to request early surgery. This has a number of potential advantages: • Avoid years of medication and intermittent pain • Avoid facing surgery when old or infirm • If the person has a vascular loop, early microvascular decompression will increase the possibility of a successful operation with decreased risk of recurrence (evidence suggests better outcomes and lower recurrence rate the shorter the interval between onset of symptoms and nerve decompression) How To Find Out If You Have a Vascular Loop The conventional MRI scans used to rule out the presence of a brain tumor or multiple sclerosis as a cause of a patients face pain are not adequate to visualize the trigeminal nerve or an associated blood vessel. Fortunately, the continued improvement in MRI neuro-imaging now makes it possible to visualize both. The technique, which is called 3-D volume acquisition, is performed with contrast injection and utilizes thin cuts (0.8mm), without gaps similar to what was developed for MRI angiography and venography. The trigeminal nerve is easily visualized in the axial plane when the MRI series is centered at the midpoint of the fourth ventricle. To ensure an adequate evaluation, the nerve should be seen on three adjacent cuts. Early studies indicate that when an offending vessel is present it will be detected 80% of the of the time. With continued imaging improvements this percentage will definitely increase. Click here for UCSD Trigeminal Neuralgia Sequence Parameters for Seimens and GE MR Scanners.Surgical Options: Non-Destructive Procedures The only non-destructive procedure which reliably relieves the symptoms of Trigeminal Neuralgia is Microvascular Decompression (MVD). This involves surgical exploration with the operating microscope and visualization of the junction where the Trigeminal nerve enters the base of the brain, followed by coagulation or moving and padding away any compressing blood vessels. The advantage is pain relief without numbness in the majority of patients, which usually lasts indefinitely. If the pain recurs after a MVD, which it does in 10-15% of patients, it can usually be controlled with low dose Tegretol® or Neurontin®. If the pain continues, it will require a repeat MVD or one of the destructive procedures. Surgical Options: Destructive Procedures There are multiple destructive procedures which are beneficial in the treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia. The most common of which are glycerol injections, gamma knife radiation, electrocoagulation, and balloon compression. These procedures are all based on interrupting the pain by partial damage to Trigeminal nerve fibers. Generally the more numbness they produce, the longer they last. The specific advantages and disadvantages need to be discussed with the surgeon performing the procedure. These procedures are recommended for patients who have failed MVD or are not candidates for major surgery. Comments Treatment is always individualized. All of the options above should be considered in consultation with a neurosurgeon familiar in their use. Recommendations Based on the data currently available, and in an effort to maximize quality of life, we recommend the following: Patients with less than 10 year life expectancy Refer for destructive procedure if pain not controlled medically without significant side effects Patients with more than 10 but less than 20 year life expectancy Consider destructive procedure May abolish need for continued increasing medications Will make medical therapy easier even if fails Patients with more than 20 year life expectancy Perform thin cut MRI with 3-D Volume Acquisition If vessel present recommend MVD 25 ARTICLE SECTIONS From the Mayo Clinic. Trigeminal neuralgia http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/trigeminal-neuralgia/DS00446Introduction Signs and symptoms Causes When to seek medical advice Screening and diagnosis Treatment Coping skills Introduction Imagine having a jab of lightning-like pain shoot through your face when you brush your teeth or put on makeup. Sound excruciating? If you have trigeminal neuralgia, attacks of such pain are frequent and can often seem unbearable. You may initially experience short, mild attacks, but trigeminal neuralgia can progress, causing longer, more frequent bouts of searing pain. These painful attacks can be spontaneous, but they may also be provoked by even mild stimulation of your face, including brushing your teeth, shaving or putting on makeup. The pain of trigeminal neuralgia may occur in a fairly small area of your face, or it may spread rapidly over a wider area. Because of the variety of treatment options available, having trigeminal neuralgia doesn't necessarily mean you're doomed to a life of pain. Doctors usually can effectively manage trigeminal neuralgia, either with medications or surgery. Signs and symptoms An attack of trigeminal neuralgia can last from a few seconds to about a minute. Some people have mild, occasional twinges of pain, while other people have frequent, severe, electric-shock-like pain. The condition tends to come and go. You may experience attacks of pain off and on all day, or even for days or weeks at a time. Then, you may experience no pain for a prolonged period of time. Remission is less common the longer you have trigeminal neuralgia. People who have experienced severe trigeminal neuralgia have described the pain as: Lightning-like or electric-shock-like Shooting Jabbing Like having live wires in your face Trigeminal neuralgia usually affects just one side of your face. The pain may affect just a portion of one side of your face or spread in a wider pattern. Rarely, trigeminal neuralgia can affect both sides of your face, but not at the same time. CausesBranches of the trigeminal nerve CLICK TO ENLARGE The condition is called trigeminal neuralgia because the painful facial areas are those served by one or more of the three branches of your trigeminal nerve. This large nerve originates deep inside your brain and carries sensation from your face to your brain. The pain of trigeminal neuralgia is due to a disturbance in the function of the trigeminal nerve. Trigeminal neuralgia is also known as tic douloureux. The cause of the pain usually is due to contact between a normal artery or vein and the trigeminal nerve at the base of your brain. This places pressure on the nerve as it enters your brain and causes the nerve to misfire. Physical nerve damage or stress may be the initial trigger for trigeminal neuralgia. After the trigeminal nerve leaves your brain and travels through your skull, it divides into three smaller branches, controlling sensation throughout your face: The first branch controls sensation in your eye, upper eyelid and forehead. The second branch controls sensation in your lower eyelid, cheek, nostril, upper lip and upper gum. The third branch controls sensations in your jaw, lower lip, lower gum and some of the muscles you use for chewing. You may feel pain in the area served by just one branch of the trigeminal nerve, or the pain may affect all branches on one side of your face. Besides compression from blood vessel contact, other less frequent sources of pain to the trigeminal nerve may include: Compression by a tumor Multiple sclerosis A stroke affecting the lower part of your brain, where the trigeminal nerve enters your central nervous system A variety of triggers, many subtle, may set off the pain. These triggers may include: Shaving Stroking your face Eating Drinking Brushing your teeth Talking Putting on makeup Encountering a breeze Smiling Trigeminal neuralgia affects women more often than men. The disorder is more likely to occur in people who are older than 50. About 5 percent of people with trigeminal neuralgia have other family members with the disorder, which suggests a possible genetic cause in some cases. When to seek medical advice Some people mistake the pain of trigeminal neuralgia for a toothache or a headache. It's not uncommon for people to believe that their facial pain is dental-related, particularly when the pain seems to stem from the gumline or is located near a tooth. If you experience facial pain, particularly prolonged pain or pain that hasn't gone away with use of over-the-counter pain relievers, see your dentist or doctor. Screening and diagnosis If you go to your dentist, an examination of your mouth can reveal whether a problem with your teeth or gums is causing your pain. If you go to your doctor, he or she will want to ask about your medical history and have you describe your pain — how severe it is, what part of your face it affects, how long pain lasts and what seems to trigger episodes of pain. You'll also undergo a neurologic examination. During this examination, your doctor examines and touches parts of your face to try to determine exactly where the pain is occurring and — if it appears that you have trigeminal neuralgia — which branches of the trigeminal nerve may be affected. Your doctor may exclude other possible conditions based on your medical history, the examination, and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of your head. Treatment Medications are the usual initial treatment for trigeminal neuralgia. Medications are often effective in lessening or blocking the pain signals sent to your brain. A number of drugs are available. If you stop responding to a particular medication or experience too many side effects, switching to another medication may work for you. Medications Carbamazepine (Tegretol, Carbatrol). Carbamazepine, an anticonvulsant drug, is the most common medication that doctors use to treat trigeminal neuralgia. In the early stages of the disease, carbamazepine controls pain for most people. However, the effectiveness of carbamazepine decreases over time. Side effects include dizziness, confusion, sleepiness and nausea. Baclofen. Baclofen is a muscle relaxant. Its effectiveness may increase when it's used in combination with carbamazepine or phenytoin. Side effects include confusion, nausea and drowsiness. Phenytoin (Dilantin, Phenytek). Phenytoin, another anticonvulsant medication, was the first medication used to treat trigeminal neuralgia. Side effects include gum enlargement, dizziness and drowsiness. Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal). Oxcarbazepine is another anticonvulsant medication and is similar to carbamazepine. Side effects include dizziness and double vision. Doctors may sometimes prescribe other medications, such as lamotrignine (Lamictal) or gabapentin (Neurontin). Some people with trigeminal neuralgia eventually stop responding to medications, or they experience unpleasant side effects. For those people, surgery, or a combination of surgery and medications, may be an option. Surgery The goal of a number of surgical procedures is to either damage or destroy the part of the trigeminal nerve that's the source of your pain. Because the success of these procedures depends on damaging the nerve, facial numbness of varying degree is a common side effect. These procedures involve: Alcohol injection. Alcohol injections under the skin of your face, where the branches of the trigeminal nerve leave the bones of your face, may offer temporary pain relief by numbing the areas for weeks or months. Because the pain relief isn't permanent, you may need repeated injections or a different procedure. Glycerol injection. This procedure is called percutaneous glycerol rhizotomy (PGR). "Percutaneous" means through the skin. Your doctor inserts a needle through your face and into an opening in the base of your skull. The needle is guided into the trigeminal cistern, a small sac of spinal fluid that surrounds the trigeminal nerve ganglion (the area where the trigeminal nerve divides into three branches) and part of its root. Images are made to confirm that the needle is in the proper location. After confirming the location, your doctor injects a small amount of sterile glycerol. After three or four hours, the glycerol damages the trigeminal nerve and blocks pain signals. Initially, PGR relieves pain in most people. However, some people have a recurrence of pain, and many experience facial numbness or tingling. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com Balloon compression. In a procedure called percutaneous balloon compression of the trigeminal nerve (PBCTN), your doctor inserts a hollow needle through your face and into an opening in the base of your skull. Then, a thin, flexible tube (catheter) with a balloon on the end is threaded through the needle. The balloon is inflated with enough pressure to damage the nerve and block pain signals. PBCTN successfully controls pain in most people, at least for a while. Most people undergoing PBCTN experience facial numbness of varying degrees, and more than half experience nerve damage resulting in a temporary or permanent weakness of the muscles used to chew. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com Electric current. A procedure called percutaneous stereotactic radiofrequency thermal rhizotomy (PSRTR) selectively destroys nerve fibers associated with pain. Your doctor threads a needle through your face and into an opening in your skull. Once in place, an electrode is threaded through the needle until it rests against the nerve root. An electric current is passed through the tip of the electrode until it's heated to the desired temperature. The heated tip damages the nerve fibers and creates an area of injury (lesion). If your pain isn't eliminated, your doctor may create additional lesions. PSRTR successfully controls pain in most people. Facial numbness is a common side effect of this type of treatment. The pain may return after a few years. Microvascular decompression (MVD). A procedure called microvascular decompression (MVD) doesn't damage or destroy part of the trigeminal nerve. Instead, MVD involves relocating or removing blood vessels that are in contact with the trigeminal root and separating the nerve root and blood vessels with a small pad. During MVD, your doctor makes an incision behind one ear. Then, through a small hole in your skull, part of your brain is lifted to expose the trigeminal nerve. If your doctor finds an artery in contact with the nerve root, he or she directs it away from the nerve and places a pad between the nerve and the artery. Doctors usually remove a vein that is found to be compressing the trigeminal nerve. MVD can successfully eliminate or reduce pain most of the time, but as with all other surgical procedures for trigeminal neuralgia, pain can recur in some people. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com While MVD has a high success rate, it also carries risks. There are small chances of decreased hearing, facial weakness, facial numbness, double vision, and even a stroke or death. The risk of facial numbness is less with MVD than with procedures that involve damaging the trigeminal nerve. Severing the nerve. A procedure called partial sensory rhizotomy (PSR) involves cutting part of the trigeminal nerve at the base of your brain. Through an incision behind your ear, your doctor makes a quarter-sized hole in your skull to access the nerve. This procedure usually is helpful, but almost always causes facial numbness. And it's possible for pain to recur. If your doctor doesn't find an artery or vein in contact with the trigeminal nerve, he or she won't be able to perform an MVD, and a PSR may be done instead. Radiation. Gamma-knife radiosurgery (GKR) involves delivering a focused, high dose of radiation to the root of the trigeminal nerve. The radiation damages the trigeminal nerve and reduces or eliminates the pain. Relief isn't immediate and can take several weeks to begin. GKR is successful in eliminating pain more than half of the time. Sometimes the pain may recur. The procedure is painless and typically is done without anesthesia. Because this procedure is relatively new, the long-term risks of this type of radiation are not yet known. • Coping skills Living with trigeminal neuralgia can be difficult. The disorder may affect your interaction with friends and family, your productivity at work, and the overall quality of your life. You may find that talking to a counselor or therapist can help you cope with the effects of trigeminal neuralgia, or you may find encouragement and understanding in a support group. Although support groups aren't for everyone, they can be good sources of information. Group members often know about the latest treatments and tend to share their own experiences. If you're interested, your doctor may be able to recommend a group in your area. 27 Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also known as tic douloureux, is a pain syndrome recognizable by patient history alone. The condition is characterized by pain often accompanied by a brief facial spasm or tic. Pain distribution is unilateral and follows the sensory distribution of cranial nerve V, typically radiating to the maxillary (V2) or mandibular (V3) area. At times, both distributions are affected. Physical examination eliminates alternative diagnoses. Signs of cranial nerve dysfunction or other neurologic abnormality exclude the diagnosis of idiopathic TN and suggest that pain may be secondary to a structural lesion. Pathophysiology: The mechanism of pain production remains controversial. One theory suggests that peripheral injury or disease of the trigeminal nerve increases afferent firing in the nerve; failure of central inhibitory mechanisms may be involved as well. Pain is perceived when nociceptive neurons in a trigeminal nucleus involve thalamic relay neurons. Aneurysms, tumors, chronic meningeal inflammation, or other lesions may irritate trigeminal nerve roots along the pons. An abnormal vascular course of the superior cerebellar artery is often cited as the cause. In most cases, no lesion is identified, and the etiology is labeled idiopathic by default. Uncommonly, an area of demyelination from multiple sclerosis may be the precipitant. Lesions of the entry zone of the trigeminal roots within the pons may cause a similar pain syndrome. Thus, although TN typically is caused by a dysfunction in the peripheral nervous system (the roots or trigeminal nerve itself), a lesion within the central nervous system may rarely cause similar problems. Infrequently, adjacent dental fillings composed of dissimilar metals may trigger attacks. Frequency: Internationally: TN is uncommon, with an estimated prevalence of 155 cases per million persons. Mortality/Morbidity: No mortality is associated with idiopathic TN, although secondary depression is common if a chronic pain syndrome evolves. In rare cases, pain may be so frequent that oral nutrition is impaired. In symptomatic or secondary TN, morbidity or mortality relates to the underlying cause of the pain syndrome. Sex: Male-to-female ratio is 2:3. Age: Development of trigeminal neuralgia in a young person suggests the possibility of multiple sclerosis. Idiopathic TN typically occurs in patients in the sixth decade of life, but it may occur at any age. Symptomatic or secondary TN tends to occur in younger patients. 27 Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also known as tic douloureux, is a pain syndrome recognizable by patient history alone. The condition is characterized by pain often accompanied by a brief facial spasm or tic. Pain distribution is unilateral and follows the sensory distribution of cranial nerve V, typically radiating to the maxillary (V2) or mandibular (V3) area. At times, both distributions are affected. Physical examination eliminates alternative diagnoses. Signs of cranial nerve dysfunction or other neurologic abnormality exclude the diagnosis of idiopathic TN and suggest that pain may be secondary to a structural lesion. Pathophysiology: The mechanism of pain production remains controversial. One theory suggests that peripheral injury or disease of the trigeminal nerve increases afferent firing in the nerve; failure of central inhibitory mechanisms may be involved as well. Pain is perceived when nociceptive neurons in a trigeminal nucleus involve thalamic relay neurons. Aneurysms, tumors, chronic meningeal inflammation, or other lesions may irritate trigeminal nerve roots along the pons. An abnormal vascular course of the superior cerebellar artery is often cited as the cause. In most cases, no lesion is identified, and the etiology is labeled idiopathic by default. Uncommonly, an area of demyelination from multiple sclerosis may be the precipitant. Lesions of the entry zone of the trigeminal roots within the pons may cause a similar pain syndrome. Thus, although TN typically is caused by a dysfunction in the peripheral nervous system (the roots or trigeminal nerve itself), a lesion within the central nervous system may rarely cause similar problems. Infrequently, adjacent dental fillings composed of dissimilar metals may trigger attacks. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com ...
Tags: trigeminal pain neuralgia nerve tn
6-6 Microvascular Decompression MVD Dr. Parrish Neurosurgeon
Posted on Wed, 11 Jun 2008 22:10:08 -0500 in Web development directory
Click More http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com AWC 4398 6-6 Microvascular Decompression MVD Click Dr.Parrish Neurosurgeon TN Tic douloureux Facial Pain Electric Shocks. TNA BrianNelson123 Suicide Painful Jannetta Association Teflon Nerve THIS WEBSITE IS DESIGNED TO HAVE EACH TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA patient tell there story from the beginning of the problem to the current status which is understandably changing daily as the body processes more of the pain. My personal story is very long and and be seen at w htttp[://www.IamFightingCancer.com Important words found on this site. Trigeminal Neuralgia Minneapolis TN Pain Personal Story, Balloon Compression Mentor, dysesthesia, bad feeling constant spasm. excruciating pains, Henry, Pneumonia Electrical Shocks, Shirley, Shelly Wilson, Support Group, Education, Association, Stabbing, Jolts, Suicide Disease, Neuropathic, rare Disorder, Treatment, destructive surgery, Procedure, Microvascular Decompression, tic douloureux Marge Prietz Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain TN Websites insert. YouTube. From NelsonIdeas.com Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain TN Websites insert. Websites insert. My Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain TN Websites http:/./www.NelsonIdeas.com Click Dental Education Trigeminal Neuralgia Extreme Facial Pain http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Dental/Dentist-Dentists.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia Patient Painful-Stories http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/patient-painful-stories.html Click My Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) Story only http://www.PartyTentCity.com/mytnstory.html Click My Story on TN Brian N http://www.PartyTentCity.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn-tmj-my-story/directory.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia Slide Show Story of Pain http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click Medical Data Base Medical Costs More Expensive Due to Non Use of Technology http://www.briannelsonconsulting.com/medical-data-base/faq-info.html Click MyTrigeminal Neuralgia Story Directory http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com Click Slide Show Draft for New TN Patients. http://www.newmedicaldirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click-Trigeminal Neuralgia Assn Page 1 http://newmedicaldirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Association/TN-Facial-Pain.html Click-Trigeminal Neuralgia Assn Page 2 http://newmedicaldirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Association/TN-Facial-Pain-2.html Click What is Trigeminal Neuragia? Portland,OR Slide Show http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia National Conference http://www.NewMedicalDirectories.com/Trigeminal-Neuralgia-Slide-Show/Draft.html Click Trigeminal Neuralgia Brian's Journal Tic Douloureux (TN) FacialPain-Cancer http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info.html http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info.html Click Page 1. Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info.html Click Page 2 Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.briannelsonconsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info2.html Click Page 3 Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.briannelsonconsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info3.htm Click Page 4 Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.BrianNelsonConsulting.com/trigeminal-neuralgia-tn/faq-info4.html Click MyTrigeminal Neuralgia Stories Directory http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/Index.html Click Brian's TN Story Quck Version http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/BrianNelson/TN1.html Click Shirley's Story Trigeminal Neuralgia http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/ShirleyH/TN3.html Click Sand's Story TN WHAT IS TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA? TN (Trigeminal Neuralgia) is a pain that is described as among the most acute known to mankind. TN produces excruciating, lightning strikes of facial pain, typically near the nose, lips, eyes or ears. It is a disorder of the trigeminal nerve, which is the fifth and largest cranial nerve. TN (Trigeminal Neuralgia / tic douloureux) is a disorder of the fifth cranial (trigeminal) nerve that causes episodes of intense, stabbing, electric shock-like pain in the areas of the face where the branches of the nerve are distributed - lips, eyes, nose, scalp, forehead, upper jaw, and lower jaw. By many, it's called the "suicide disease". A less common form of the disorder called "Atypical Trigeminal Neuralgia" may cause less intense, constant, dull burning or aching pain, sometimes with occasional electric shock-like stabs. Both forms of the disorder most often affect one side of the face, but some patients experience pain at different times on both sides. Onset of symptoms occurs most often after age 50, but cases are known in children and even infants. Something as simple and routine as brushing the teeth, putting on makeup or even a slight breeze can trigger an attack, resulting in sheer agony for the individual. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is not fatal, but it is universally considered to be the most painful affliction known to medical practice. Initial treatment of TN is usually by means of anti-convulsant drugs, such as Tegretol or Neurontin. Some anti-depressant drugs also have significant pain relieving effects. Should medication be ineffective or if it produces undesirable side effects, neurosurgical procedures are available to relieve pressure on the nerve or to reduce nerve sensitivity. Some patients report having reduced or relieved pain by means of alternative medical therapies such as acupuncture, chiropractic adjustment, self-hypnosis or meditation. http://www.MyTrigeminalNeuralgiaStory.com/SandiW/TN4.html What is Trigeminal Neuralgia? Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also called tic douloureux, is a chronic pain condition that causes extreme, sporadic, sudden burning or shock-like face pain that lasts anywhere from a few seconds to as long as 2 minutes per episode. The intensity of pain can be physically and mentally incapacitating. TN pain is typically felt on one side of the jaw or cheek. Episodes can last for days, weeks, or months at a time and then disappear for months or years. In the days before an episode begins, some patients may experience a tingling or numbing sensation or a somewhat constant and aching pain. The attacks often worsen over time, with fewer and shorter pain-free periods before they recur. The intense flashes of pain can be triggered by vibration or contact with the cheek (such as when shaving, washing the face, or applying makeup), brushing teeth, eating, drinking, talking, or being exposed to the wind. TN occurs most often in people over age 50, but it can occur at any age, and is more common in women than in men. There is some evidence that the disorder runs in families, perhaps because of an inherited pattern of blood vessel formation. Although sometimes debilitating, the disorder is not life-threatening. The presumed cause of TN is a blood vessel pressing on the trigeminal nerve in the head as it exits the brainstem. TN may be part of the normal aging process but in some cases it is the associated with another disorder, such as multiple sclerosis or other diso